4个姬松茸菌株rDNA ITS序列比较

应用通用引物ITS1和ITS4从4个姬松茸(Agaricus blazei Murill.)菌株子实体中扩增出rDNA ITS序列(登录号分别为EF195648,EF471305,EF471306,EF471307),4菌株ITS序列长度分别为734bp、700bp、724bp和735bp。通过GenBank中BLAST,四个姬松茸菌株与A.brasiliensis(AJ884651)和A.blazei(AF161013)相似率最高,分别为:94%、99%、97%和98%。四个姬松茸菌株同源性较高,达93%以上,其中,ABM-B与ABM-D相似率最高,为97%;ABM-B与ABM-C相似率为96%,ABM-A与ABM-C、ABM-C与ABM-D相似率为94%,ABM-A与ABM-D相似率为93%。     

A preliminary analysis of phylogenetic relationships ofArundinaria and related genera based on nucleotide sequences of nrDNA (ITS region) and cpDNA (trnL-F intergenic spacer)

Phylogenetic relationships ofArundinaria and related genera (Pleioblastus, Pseudosasa, Oligostachyum, Bashania, Clavinodum, etc.) were assessed by analyzing the sequences of the nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the cpDNAtrnL-F intergenic spacer (IGS). Comparison withtrnL-F IGS sequence, the ITS region provided the higher number of parsimony informative characters, and the interspecific variation of the ITS sequence was higher than that of thetrnL-FIGS sequence. The tree obtained by combining both sets of data showed that the species sampled inArundinaria and the related genera were monophyletic and divided into two clades. The relationships and positioning of all the taxa surveryed (includingA. oleosa, A. hsienchuensis, A. chino, A. amara, A. yixingensis, A. amabilis, A. fortunei, A. pygmaea, A. gramineus, A. fargesii, A. faberi, A. hupehense, Pseudosasa japonica cv. Tsutsumiana, P. japonica andBrachystachyum densiflorum) were also discussed. The results from the sequences were broadly consistent with morphological characters, appearing all these taxa sampled belong to the genus ofArundinaria. The topologies of the trees generated from individual data and the combined data were similar. Foundation item: This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30170788) Biography: ZHUGE Qiang (1959-), male, professor in Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Gene Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China. Responsible editor: Song Funan     

蒙古冰草Afa家族串联重复序列克隆及染色体定位

Afa家族串联重复序列因只出现在小麦及小麦族近缘属物种而得名,本研究从蒙古冰草中克隆得到一个Afa家族序列,长度为233 bp,命名为pAmAfa1,该序列在GENBANK中进行同源序列比对,结果表明该序列与大多数小麦族其他物种的Afa家族串联重复序列存在较高的相似性;系统进化分析表明,蒙古冰草pAmAfa1序列与大赖草pLrAfa3,pLrAfa5序列聚在一起,表明蒙古冰草P染色体组与大赖草的N、X染色体亲源关系较近。为了明确Afa家族串联重复序列在蒙古冰草染色体上的位置,双色荧光原位杂交技术被采用,以pAmAfa1为探针检测到杂交信号出现在染色体的末端或近端部的区域,每条染色体上都有杂交信号,表明Afa家族串联重复序列普遍存在于P染色体组中。     

1个水稻产量QTL区段及品系特异性重复序列的比较分析

为克隆1个水稻产量QTL,对遗传作图亲本珍汕97和明恢63物理图谱上与该QTL相对应的区段进行了比较分析,关闭了2个物理图谱在该区段的物理缺口,对该区段珍汕97和明恢63BAC末端序列分别与日本晴参考序列之间的预测单核苷酸多态性SNP位点进行了检验,发现大部分预测SNP序列正确,而有一部分预测SNP为BAC末端测序错误...     

泽泻蕨的系统位置——来自rbcL序列的分析

泽泻蕨的系统位置一直存有争议。该文根据叶绿体基因rbcL序列,用最大似然法构建它的系统发育关系。结果表明:①4种美洲典型的泽泻蕨属成员聚为一个很强支持的支,并与泽泻蕨形成姊妹群的关系,说明将泽泻蕨从泽泻蕨属中独立出来,放入拟泽泻蕨属更为合适。②泽泻蕨被聚在碎米蕨群分支,得到强烈支持。它与银粉背蕨和黑心蕨的关系比与拟金毛裸蕨属的关系更为近缘,不支持秦仁昌将泽泻蕨置于裸子蕨科的分类处理。③同意Panigrahi的观点,泽泻蕨的正确名称应为Parahemionitis cordata (Hooker&Greville) Fraser-Jenkins。     

通过分子标记辅助选择培育优良食味水稻新品种南粳46(英文)

为培育食味品质优良、综合丰产性好的粳稻新品种,本研究以高产粳稻品种武香粳14作母本,以食味品质优良粳稻品种关东194(含有控制低直链淀粉含量和暗胚乳的突变基因Wx-mq)作父本配制杂交组合.通过比较Wx-mq与其位于第6染色体上的等位基因Wx-b,Wx-a,wx的DNA序列,发现Wx-mq基因的外显子4和外显子5上存在两个碱基突变,外显子4上的G-A突变产生了NIaⅢ的酶切位点,并设计合成了能区分含或不含Wx-mq纯合基因型和杂合基因型的CAPS标记.利用该标记对武香粳14/关东194衍生的F_5、F_6株系进行辅助选择,筛选含Wx-mq纯合基因型的单株.成熟后对胚乳淀粉性质的调查结果与分子检测结果完全一致,分子标记辅助选择效果达100%.这样我们就成功培育了食味品质优良、综合丰产性好的粳稻新品种南粳46.     

Modal parameters identification for short data sequences based on stratified sampling and optimism complex Morlet wavelet

A novel modal parameter identification method based on stratified sampling and optimism complex Morlet wavelet is proposed for short data sequences. Stratified sampling is applied to divide the structure response signal into different layers which called sub samples with different thresholds, and then free decrement response signal of each layer is extracted by random decrement technique. The optimism complex Morlet wavelet transform is applied to identify modal parameter of each layer, and the weight of the layer is also determined based on the sample standard deviation. The modal parameter of the structure can be obtained by weighted calculation.The engineering application shows that the proposed method has the ability to identify modal parameter accurately, decouple low frequency intensive modal composition and restrain high frequency fake modal effectively.     

3种泥鳅微卫星标记和D-Loop部分序列遗传变异分析

为进一步了解中国当前主要养殖鳅类种质资源现状,实验采用7个微卫星标记和线粒体D-Loop部分序列,对泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus,MA)、大鳞副泥鳅(Paramisgurnus dabryanus,PD)和台湾大泥鳅(未见种属分类,TW)3种泥鳅进行群体遗传变异分析.结果显示,6个微卫星位点在3种泥鳅中均能获得有效扩增,1个微卫星标记(Mac239)只在MA中获得特异性扩增,而在PD和TW中未能获得有效扩增条带.在3种泥鳅共90尾个体的D-Loop 部分序列中发现32个单倍型,仅在PD和TW间存在1个共享单倍型.实验中共检测到65个变异位点,其中MA与PD和TW间存在29个特异性位点,而PD和TW间未检测到特异性位点.瓶颈效应和中性检验显示,TW近期可能发生有效群体数量的减少.基于微卫星标记和D-Loop部分序列的遗传变异分析显示,TW和PD间的Nei's遗传距离和K2P遗传距离最近(0.297和0.006),明显小于两者与MA间的遗传距离(1.011～1.899和0.095～0.099);分子方差分析(AMOVA)显示,3种泥鳅的遗传分化极显著(P＜0.01).群体间遗传结构和单倍型网络分析显示,3种泥鳅的遗传结构相对独立,仅在TW和PD间存在一定程度的遗传结构混杂.研究表明,泥鳅和大鳞副泥鳅在遗传结构上存在明显差异,可采用分子标记进行有效鉴别;台湾大泥鳅可能是大鳞副泥鳅的生态种群或遗传改良群体,而非有效物种.     

3个地理群体仿刺参D-loop序列的变异及系统发生分析

为研究中国大连(CD)、朝鲜罗津(KN)和俄罗斯海参崴(RV)3个仿刺参群体的遗传结构,实验采用PCR扩增和测序技术,对3个群体共计71头仿刺参的线粒体D-loop序列进行了分析。结果显示,D-loop序列长度为447~465 bp,平均A+T含量(59.2%)显著高于G+C含量;共检测到119个变异位点,多态位点比例为24.24%,其中简约信息位点为53个,共有40种基因型,群体共享基因型7个。遗传多样性参数分析显示,3个群体均显示出较丰富的遗传多样性;分子方差(AMOVA)分析表明,3个群体间遗传分化较弱或只有中度分化,且93.04%的变异来自群体内。CD群体与RV群体之间遗传距离最远,为0.042,KN群体与RV群体之间遗传距离最近,为0.037 4。将本研究所得序列结合GenBank中青岛(QD)和威海(WH)仿刺参的D-loop序列构建系统发育树,QD与WH仿刺参首先聚为一小支,然后与CD群体聚为一大支,KN群体与RV群体聚为独立一支,这一聚类方式符合地理隔离模式。